Soap for paint, varnish, &amp;c.



CABLE'ION ELLIS, OF LARCHMONT, NEW YORK.

SOAP FOR PAINT, VARNISH, 8:0.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1911 Application filed December 18, 1908. Serial No.468,153.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARLETON ELLIS, citizen of the United States,residing at Larchmont, in the county of Westchester and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Soap forPaint, Varnish, &c., of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a soap composition for cleaning varnish andhas for its object the production of a soap which is substantially freefrom destructive action on varnish and paint coatings.

Ordinary soap is of a strongly alkaline character and many attempts havebeen made to neutralize soap to overcome the destructive effect of thefree alkali. It is impossible to completely neutralize soap solution byaddition of stearic or oleic acid and the like owing to the action ofhydrolysis. The introduction of albuminous matters is in a measurepalliative but even With treatment of this character, the soap productwill be found to act on paintand varnish to a considerable extent.

My invention has for its object the production of a soap, which althougheven actually alkaline in reaction is without harmful effect on paint orvarnish. It has been heretofore supposed that since linseed oil was thebase of paint and varnish, generally speaking, that a soap made fromlinseed oil would not be destructive to the finish coating. For thatreason, numerous soaps have been made by the saponification of linseedoil with alkali. These soaps generally are completely saponifiedcompositions, having strongly alkaline reaction and are, so far as I amadvised, almost as destructive to paint and varnish as soap made fromordinary fats and greases.

In carrying out my invention, I aim to satisfy the free alkali of theordinary soap by the introduction of an excess of linseed oil andresinous material, these being the normal and essential constituents ofpaint or varnish. By so doing, I produce a soap in which the activity offree alkali is greatly reduced or even entirely overcome by virtue ofthis method of satisfying the free alkali by means of an excess oflinseed oil and resinous bodies.

A composition illustrative of my invention is made by dissolving 4 lbs.of tallow soap in 2 gallons of water, and adding 2 lbs. of a mixturecomposed of equal parts of linseed oil and rosin. The latter mixture ispreferably heated before it is introduced into the soap solution, so asto melt the rosin. It is introduced into the soap solution graduallywith stirring and the composition is allowed to cool, agitatingmeanwhile, until of a pasty consistency. By this manner of operation,the oil and rosin are emulsified thoroughly and distributed throughoutthe entire mass uniformly. Some of the free alkali of the soapsaponifies and combines With the linseed oil and resin while theuncombined or hydrolyzed portion is so affected by the presence of thelinseed oil and rosin in the proportions specified that the resultingsoap does not affect the gloss or durability of paint or varnish eventhough used repeatedly thereon.

Another composition illustrating my invention is made by dissolving 6lbs. of palm oil soap with soda as the saponifying alkali, in about 2gallons of Water, adding g, lb. unneutralized sulfonated oil. In aseparate receptacle, a mixture of lb. rosin, 4; lb. gum kauri and lb.linseed oil are melted together, or if preferred, the kauri and rosinmay first be melted and the linseed oil added thereto. The palm oil soapsolution is raised to a temperature of or C. and the melted gum and oilmixture added thereto with thorough agitation. The mixture is cooledwith slow agitation and may then be packaged for use.

Ordinary varnish may be used as a hentralizer in lieu of linseed oil androsin.

The composition may also be used as a polishing detergent by theaddition of polishing abrasives such as tripoli, infusorial earth,silex, etc., and various stiffening or filling materials, such as talc,and the like may be introduced. A suitable polishingdetergent is made bydissolving 2 lbs. of tallow soap, 2 lbs. of linseed oil soap. and 4 lbs.of cotton seed oil soap in about 2 gallons of Water. To this is added, 2lbs. of a mixture composed of equal parts of linseed oil and rosin andthe composition thoroughly agitated until it begins to thicken. Whenthick enough to hold the polishing abrasive in suspension, 2 lbs. offinely levigated tripoli are added and the mixture stirred slowly untilcold. It is possible also for certain purposes to introduce a quantityof petroleum oil where a very oily soap is required. For this purpose, Ifind the following composition effective: 4 lbs. tallow are commonlyused'in paint or varnish in cluding Chinese Wood oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil and the like may be made use of as well as various otherresins, such as shellac,

I galipot resin, and other varieties of copals.

The soap which I prefer to use is made from animal oil such as lard ortallow saponified either with soda or potash or with mixtures ofthesetwo alkalis although as previously indicated other oily soap stocks suchas oocoanut, corn, cotton seed, fish oils and the like may be employed.

In order to make the linseed oil and resinous matters as nearly alike inchemical compositions to those present in the paint and varnish, Imodify the composition under certain conditions by making use of linseedoil and rosin which has been greatly thickened or oxidized by thepassage through the oil and resin mixture of a current of air, so as toform linoxyn bodies and the like, similar to the oxidation product ofoil and resin in finish coatings. A composition illustrating thisfeature of my invention is made by melting equal parts of rosin andlinseed oil, heating to a temperature of about 60 to 7 0 C. and adding amanganese catalyzer and blowing air through the mixture until greatlythickened. This mixture is then spread out in thin layers to harden anddry. The gummy films or solid flakes of this composition are thenintroduced into a soap solution containing about 4 lbs. tallow andcocoanut oil soap per gallon of water and thoroughlybeaten or kneadeduntil the oxidized linseed oil is thoroughly incorporated.

Or the thick-oil obtained from the treatment by the means of air currentmay be thoroughly introduced into the soap solution without previouslyallowing the drying to progress to a point where the oil solidifies. Torecapitulate: My invention, broadly speaking, consists .inmaking anordinary soda or potash soap, taking care to have present as little freealkali as possible, and in adding to this soap, a quantity of linseedoil and' resinous material such as is ordinarily present in varnish andpaint, emulsifying such materials into the soap so as to form aseemingly homogenous pasty mass or solid which contains an excess ofthose very oils and resinous materials which are present in paint andvarnish, thereby preventing such alkali as may be set free by hydrolysisor dilution of the soap in application from exerting any harmful actionon the linseed oil and resins of finish coatings to which it may beapplied.

What I claim as my invention is 1. A composition for cleaning finishwhich comprises soap, unneutralized sul-' fonated oil, water andunsaponified oxidized linseed oil.

2. A composition for cleaning finish which consists in soap, water,sulfonated oil and the principal constituents of paint and varnishincluding linseed oil and resinous material, all incorporated to make apaste.

3. A composition for cleaning finish which comprises soap, water,linseed oil and sulfonated oil, the amount of said linseed oil beingsuflicient to more than satisfy the alkali set free by hydrolysis ondilution.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of twoWitnesses.

OARLETON ELLIS.

Witnesses:

FRANCES I. NEWMAN, H. O. CHUTE.

